(Published in the Daily Herald of Tabasco)
Chichonal: waiting for the eruption 13
Tonight turning 29 years since the volcano erupted Chichonal. Is not known how many people died in those first hours and eruptions of the following days. It was a Sunday. The next day dawned in Villahermosa when it was around noon. The most intense eruptions would occur the following Saturday.
One afternoon in 1996, Don Manuel Carballo, Pichucalco mayor in 1982 and whose son Andrew now plays as such for the second time, told us how he saw hundreds of bodies wrapped in plastic bags, hidden to the public by the command military dependents, in situ, Joseph Moguel Cal y Mayor.
For some inexplicable reason, although it claims that it is to maintain control of the situation, at that time and long after we have hidden this information accurate, complete, about tragedies such as that by which we realize Tabasco , and already made us forget, that not only live at risk of floods and disasters related to the oil industry, but also of geological origin.
learned that this weekend different groups of people took advantage of the good weather to climb the volcano that has only a few hundred meters high, which is reached through the village of Chapultenango, and visit the volcanic crater that apparently shows a low and stable. Inside
feeds a time bomb. Experts say 1982 was the eruption of Vesuvius Plinian like, but at minimum. It was a kind of cough. A brief exhalation. At any time, might cause an Chichonal disaster of biblical proportions.
Y: we are not prepared to face in Tabasco, and northern Chiapas, southern Veracruz and Oaxaca, the consequences of an eruption relatively strong.
On April 4, 1982, José López Portillo and Leandro Rovirosa Wade flew by helicopter "Puma" in the area, ignoring the risk to the turbines of the ships involved the dense fly ash. On another topic that little was known at that time.
Soon after, at the Government Palace, we conducted a review meeting in which he realized a high impact on agriculture, livestock and the land affected by altering the pH of the same. López Portillo directed a series of actions that included the immediate dredging of rivers, lagoons, drains and groundwater.
Virtually nothing committed to materialize. The President signed a decree at the time by which the emergency is declared and set in motion the reconstruction phase.
Ironically, that was the night when the volcano, which last Wednesday there had been another strong episode plinian, roared like never before and buried an entire village of 300 homes called Francisco Leon, head of the municipality of the same name.
died there, among many others, the mayor of which about three weeks he had mocked the former governor of Chiapas, Juan Sabines, when at a meeting of mayors in Tuxtla Gutierrez requested that state aid under people, the governed were concerned that it appeared that the Chichonal would erupt.
mocking the governor's response, the current president's father and brother state the poet of the same surname who would Pichucalco many days in the forefront of relief operations, was for the story: "If the volcano erupts, the problem is over, right?".
In the great eruption of April 4, suffocated and burned by the pyroclastic flow, and immediately crushed, volcanologists also killed, military and Red Cross disaster workers.
Chichonal ashes saturated fields almost half the country, from Campeche, half of Veracruz, and Puebla and Oaxaca. Reached the stratosphere and then to the other end of the world. Volcanologist Servando de la Cruz, which has since tracks the evolution of Chichonal, we relied on those days the inability of scientists to determine the future behavior of the volcano.
The executive summary of a study presented in 2002, researchers at the Institute of Geophysics of the UNAM, Macias JL, Espindola JM (macias@tonatiuh.igeofcu.unam.mx) concludes:
"recent stratigraphic studies of eruptive products Chichon Volcano indicate that during the last 8,000 years has had at least 12 explosive eruptions including the 1982 eruption. These eruptions have been dated at 550, 900, 1250, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2000, 2500, 3100, 3700 and 7700 BP by the method of C-14.
"juvenile products of these events have had a composition trachyandesites with few major chemical changes. Five of these eruptions occurred makes 550, 1250, 1500, 3700 and 7700 years had a similar magnitude or greater than 1982. At least three of these eruptions (550, 900 and 2000 years BP) have occurred without a central dome in conditions similar to those of modern crater and wet pyroclastic surges occurred.
"The activity has affected locally Chichón human activity around , as inferred from the fact that they have been found remains of pottery in deposits from eruptions of 2500 and 1250 years BP In addition, there is evidence that the activity of El Chichon had a significant regional impact during the collapse of the Maya Classic period. "
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